Idasinthidwa pa 10 June 2022, motsatira zomwe zasinthidwa kwakanthawi.
Bungwe la WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) lapereka malingaliro akanthawi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka katemera wa Sinopharm motsutsana ndi COVID-19. Nkhaniyi ikupereka chidule cha malingaliro akanthawi; mutha kupeza chikalata chonse chowongolera pano.
Nazi zomwe muyenera kudziwa.
Ndani angalandire katemera?
Katemerayu ndi wotetezeka komanso wogwira ntchito kwa anthu onse azaka 18 ndi kupitilira apo. Mogwirizana ndi WHO Prioritization Roadmap ndi WHO Values Framework, akuluakulu achikulire, ogwira ntchito zachipatala ndi anthu omwe alibe chitetezo chamthupi ayenera kukhala patsogolo.
Katemera wa Sinopharm atha kuperekedwa kwa anthu omwe adakhalapo ndi COVID-19 m'mbuyomu. Koma anthu amatha kusankha kuchedwetsa katemera kwa miyezi itatu atatenga kachilomboka.
Kodi amayi oyembekezera ndi oyamwitsa ayenera kulandira katemera?
Zomwe zilipo pa katemera wa COVID-19 Sinopharm mwa amayi apakati ndizosakwanira kuwunika mphamvu ya katemera kapena kuopsa kokhudzana ndi katemera pamimba. Komabe, katemerayu ndi katemera wosagwira ntchito wokhala ndi chothandizira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi pamakatemera ena ambiri okhala ndi mbiri yabwino yachitetezo, kuphatikiza amayi apakati. Kuchita bwino kwa katemera wa COVID-19 Sinopharm mwa amayi apakati akuyembekezeka kufanana ndi omwe amawonedwa mwa amayi omwe sali oyembekezera azaka zofanana.
Pakadali pano, WHO ikulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito katemera wa COVID-19 Sinopharm mwa amayi apakati pomwe phindu la katemera kwa mayi wapakati limaposa zoopsa zomwe zingachitike. Pofuna kuthandiza amayi oyembekezera kupanga izi, ayenera kupatsidwa chidziwitso chokhudza kuopsa kwa COVID-19 pathupi; ubwino wa katemera m'dera la miliri; ndi zofooka zamakono za deta ya chitetezo kwa amayi apakati. WHO samalimbikitsa kuyezetsa mimba musanatenge katemera. WHO samalimbikitsa kuchedwetsa kutenga pakati kapena kuganizira zochotsa mimba chifukwa cha katemera.
Kugwira ntchito kwa katemera kukuyembekezeka kukhala kofanana ndi amayi oyamwitsa monga momwe amachitira akuluakulu ena. WHO imalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito katemera wa COVID-19 Sinopharm mwa amayi oyamwitsa monga momwe amachitira akuluakulu ena. WHO savomereza kusiya kuyamwitsa pambuyo katemera.
Kodi katemerayu ndi ndani?
Anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri ya anaphylaxis ku gawo lililonse la katemera sayenera kutenga.
Aliyense amene ali ndi kutentha kwa thupi kupitirira 38.5ºC akuyenera kuchedwetsa katemera mpaka asakhalenso ndi malungo.
Ndi zotetezeka?
SAGE yawunika mwatsatanetsatane zambiri zamtundu, chitetezo ndi mphamvu ya katemera ndipo yalimbikitsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa anthu azaka 18 ndi kupitilira apo.
Zambiri zachitetezo ndizochepa kwa anthu opitilira zaka 60 (chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa omwe atenga nawo gawo pamayesero azachipatala). Ngakhale palibe kusiyana pakati pa chitetezo cha katemera mwa akuluakulu okalamba poyerekeza ndi achichepere omwe angayembekezere, mayiko omwe akuganizira kugwiritsa ntchito katemerayu mwa anthu opitirira zaka 60 ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa chitetezo.
Kodi katemera ndi wothandiza bwanji?
Kuyesa kwakukulu kwamayiko ambiri mu Gawo 3 kwawonetsa kuti Mlingo wa 2, woperekedwa pakadutsa masiku 21, uli ndi mphamvu ya 79% motsutsana ndi matenda a SARS-CoV-2 patatha masiku 14 kapena kupitilira apo mutatha kumwanso wachiwiri. Katemera wochita bwino pokana kugona m'chipatala anali 79%.
Mlanduwu sunapangidwe ndipo unapatsidwa mphamvu zowonetsera mphamvu zolimbana ndi matenda oopsa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi comorbidities, mimba, kapena anthu azaka 60 ndi kupitirira. Azimayi anali ochepa kwambiri pamlanduwo. Nthawi yapakatikati yotsatiridwa yomwe idapezeka panthawi yowunikira umboni inali masiku 112.
Mayesero ena awiri ogwira ntchito ali mkati koma deta sinapezekebe.
Kodi mlingo wovomerezeka ndi wotani?
SAGE imalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito katemera wa Sinopharm ngati Mlingo wa 2 (0.5 ml) woperekedwa mumtsempha.
SAGE ikulimbikitsa kuti mlingo wachitatu, wowonjezera wa katemera wa Sinopharm uperekedwa kwa anthu azaka 60 ndi kupitilira apo ngati gawo lowonjezera pamndandanda woyamba. Zomwe zilipo pano sizikuwonetsa kufunikira kwa mlingo wowonjezera kwa anthu osakwana zaka 60.
SAGE imalimbikitsa kuti anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lochepa kwambiri la chitetezo chamthupi ayenera kupatsidwa mlingo wowonjezera wa katemera. Izi ndichifukwa choti gululi silingathe kuyankha mokwanira katemera kutsatira mndandanda wanthawi zonse wa katemera ndipo ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a COVID-19.
WHO imalimbikitsa pakadutsa milungu 3-4 pakati pa mlingo woyamba ndi wachiwiri wa mndandanda woyamba. Ngati mlingo wachiwiri waperekedwa pasanathe milungu 3 pambuyo woyamba, mlingo sayenera kubwereza. Ngati mlingo wachiwiriwo wachedwa kupitirira milungu inayi, uyenera kuperekedwa mwamsanga. Popereka mlingo wowonjezera wopitilira zaka 60, SAGE imalimbikitsa kuti mayiko ayenera kuyesetsa kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa mlingo wa 2 mwa anthuwo, ndiyeno perekani mlingo wachitatu, kuyambira magulu okalamba kwambiri.
Kodi mukulimbikitsidwa kuti muwonjezere mlingo wa katemerayu?
Mlingo wowonjezera ukhoza kuganiziridwa patatha miyezi 4 - 6 mutamaliza mndandanda wa katemera woyamba, kuyambira ndi magulu apamwamba kwambiri ogwiritsira ntchito, malinga ndi WHO Prioritization Roadmap.
Ubwino wa katemera wa chilimbikitso umadziwika potsatira umboni wowonjezereka wa kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya katemera motsutsana ndi matenda a SARS-CoV-2 ofatsa komanso asymptomatic pakapita nthawi.
Mlingo wa homologous (katemera wosiyana ndi Sinopharm) kapena heterologous (wowonjezera mlingo wa Sinopharm) ungagwiritsidwe ntchito. Kafukufuku ku Bahrain adapeza kuti kulimbikitsana kosiyanasiyana kumapangitsa kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chitetezeke kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kulimbikitsana kofanana.
Kodi katemerayu 'akhoza kusakanikirana ndi kufananizidwa' ndi katemera wina?
SAGE imavomereza milingo iwiri yosiyana ya katemera wa WHO EUL COVID-19 ngati mndandanda wathunthu.
Kuonetsetsa kuti chitetezo chokwanira chokwanira kapena champhamvu cha katemera wa WHO EUL COVID-19 mRNA (Pfizer kapena Moderna) kapena katemera wa WHO EUL COVID-19 (AstraZeneca Vaxzevria/COVISHIELD kapena Janssen) angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mlingo wachiwiri kutsatira mlingo woyamba ndi katemera wa Sinopharm kutengera kupezeka kwa mankhwala.
Kodi zimateteza matenda ndi kufalitsa?
Pakadali pano palibe chidziwitso chokwanira chokhudzana ndi momwe Sinopharm imakhudzira kufalitsa kwa SARS-CoV-2, kachilombo komwe kamayambitsa matenda a COVID-19.
Pakadali pano, WHO ikukumbutsa za kufunikira kosunga ndi kulimbikitsa njira zathanzi zomwe zimagwira ntchito: kuphimba nkhope, kutalikirana ndi thupi, kusamba m'manja, kupuma komanso kutsokomola, kupewa unyinji ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mpweya wokwanira.
Kodi imagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi mitundu yatsopano ya kachilombo ka SARS-CoV-2?
SAGE pakadali pano ikulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito katemerayu, malinga ndi WHO Prioritization Roadmap.
Zambiri zikapezeka, WHO isintha malingaliro moyenerera. Katemerayu sanawunikidwebe potengera kufalikira kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yodetsa nkhawa.
Kodi katemerayu akufanana bwanji ndi akatemera ena omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito kale?
Sitingafanizire katemerayu kumutu chifukwa cha njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimatengedwa popanga maphunzirowo, koma zonse, katemera onse omwe akwaniritsa Mndandanda wa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mwadzidzidzi wa WHO ndi othandiza kwambiri popewa matenda oopsa komanso kugona m'chipatala chifukwa cha COVID-19. .
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-15-2022